You can also use Microsoft IIS to generate a Private Key and CSR.
How to generate a CSR in Microsoft IIS 7
1. Click Start, then Administrative Tools, then Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
2. Click on the server name.
3. From the center menu, double-click the 'Server Certificates' button in the 'Security' section (it is near the bottom of the menu).
2. Click on the server name.
3. From the center menu, double-click the 'Server Certificates' button in the 'Security' section (it is near the bottom of the menu).
4. Next, from the 'Actions' menu (on the right), click on 'Create Certificate Request.' This will open the Request Certificate wizard.
Look for a folder called REQUEST or 'Certificate Enrollment Request Certificates. Select the private key that you wish to backup. Right click on the file and choose All Tasks Export. The certificate export wizard will start, please click Next to continue. In the next window select Yes, export the private key and click Next.
5. In the 'Distinguished Name Properties' window, enter the information as follows:
To open it in plain text, you will need to click on the name of the entry and scroll down until the key code appears on the screen. Alternatively, you can click on the green arrow sign on the right and download the.pem file containing the key, the CSR and the certificate along with the CA bundle, if they were imported already. You will need to break the file you got from the CA into two parts, one containing the certificate block called 'certificate.txt' and and one containing the private key block called 'key.txt': openssl pkcs12 -export -out mycertkey.p12 -in certificate.txt -inkey key.txt Once you have the PKCS#12 format file you can import it into Windows. Apr 09, 2020 Step 3: Generate CA x509 certificate file using the CA key. You can define the validity of certificate in days. Here we have mentioned 1825 days. The following command will prompt for the cert details like common name, location, country, etc. In any case, to renew a certificate, you don't need a certificate, but a certificate signing request (CSR), which you will send to the CA, and you will receive the certificate in return (alternatively, in some cases the CA may generate a new certificate using the previous stored CSR). You can generate a new key with: openssl genrsa -out 2048 then generate the. Normally the key and the certificate are kept in separate files. If you believe the file you have contains both certificate and private key, see this for ways to determine if the key is there and to extract it. Otherwise you will have to regenerate (or have regenerated) a new certificate and key pair.
- Common Name - The name through which the certificate will be accessed (usually the fully-qualified domain name, e.g., www.domain.com or mail.domain.com).
- Organization - The legally registered name of your organization/company.
- Organizational unit - The name of your department within the organization (frequently this entry will be listed as 'IT,' 'Web Security,' or is simply left blank).
- City/locality - The city in which your organization is located.
- State/province - The state in which your organization is located.
6. Click Next.
7. In the 'Cryptographic Service Provider Properties' window, leave both settings at their defaults (Microsoft RSA SChannel and 2048) and then click next.
7. In the 'Cryptographic Service Provider Properties' window, leave both settings at their defaults (Microsoft RSA SChannel and 2048) and then click next.
8. Enter a filename for your CSR file.
9. Remember the filename that you choose and the location to which you save it. You will need to open this file as a text file and copy the entire body of it (including the Begin and End Certificate Request tags) into the online order process when prompted
2. Back Up Private Key
To backup a private key on Microsoft IIS 6.0 follow these instructions:
1. From your server, go to Start > Run and enter mmc in the text box. Click on the OK button.
2. From the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) menu bar, select Console > Add/Remove Snap-in.
3. Click on the Add button. Select Certificates from the list of snap-ins and then click on the Add button.
2. From the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) menu bar, select Console > Add/Remove Snap-in.
3. Click on the Add button. Select Certificates from the list of snap-ins and then click on the Add button.
4. Select the Computer account option. Click on the Next button.
5. Select the Local computer (the computer this console is running on) option. Click on the Finish button.
6. Click on the Close button on the snap-in list window. Click on the OK button on the Add/Remove Snap-in window.
7. Click on Certificates from the left pane. Look for a folder called REQUEST or 'Certificate Enrollment Request> Certificates
6. Click on the Close button on the snap-in list window. Click on the OK button on the Add/Remove Snap-in window.
7. Click on Certificates from the left pane. Look for a folder called REQUEST or 'Certificate Enrollment Request> Certificates
8. Select the private key that you wish to backup. Right click on the file and choose > All Tasks > Export
9. The certificate export wizard will start, please click Next to continue. In the next window select Yes, export the private key and click Next
10. Leave the default settings selected and click Next.
11. Set a password on the private key backup file and click Next
12. Click on Browse and select a location where you want to save the private key Backup file to and then click Next to continue. By default the file will be saved with a .pfx extension.
13. Click Finish, to complete the export process
12. Click on Browse and select a location where you want to save the private key Backup file to and then click Next to continue. By default the file will be saved with a .pfx extension.
13. Click Finish, to complete the export process
3. Convert to RSA Private Key Format
The private key is backed up as a ‘.pfx’ file, which stands for Personal Information Exchange.
To convert it to RSA Private Key format supported by inSync:
1. Download and install latest version of OpenSSL for windows from http://www.slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html.
Note: OpenSSL requires Visual C++ 2008 Redistributables which can be downloaded from the same website.
2. Open command prompt, navigate to C:OpenSSL-Win32bin>, and run the following commands.
3. The private key will be saved as ‘myserver.key’.
4. Carefully protect the private key. Be sure to backup the private key, as there is no means to recover it, should it be lost.
-->Adds a certificate to a database in SQL Server.
This feature is incompatible with database export using Data Tier Application Framework (DACFx). You must drop all certificates before exporting.
Syntax
Arguments
certificate_name
Is the name for the certificate in the database.
Is the name for the certificate in the database.
AUTHORIZATION user_name
Is the name of the user that owns this certificate.
Is the name of the user that owns this certificate.
ASSEMBLY assembly_name
Specifies a signed assembly that has already been loaded into the database.
Specifies a signed assembly that has already been loaded into the database.
[ EXECUTABLE ] FILE = 'path_to_file'
Specifies the complete path, including file name, to a DER-encoded file that contains the certificate. If the EXECUTABLE option is used, the file is a DLL that has been signed by the certificate. path_to_file can be a local path or a UNC path to a network location. The file is accessed in the security context of the SQL Server service account. This account must have the required file-system permissions.
Specifies the complete path, including file name, to a DER-encoded file that contains the certificate. If the EXECUTABLE option is used, the file is a DLL that has been signed by the certificate. path_to_file can be a local path or a UNC path to a network location. The file is accessed in the security context of the SQL Server service account. This account must have the required file-system permissions.
Important
Azure SQL Database does not support creating a certificate from a file or using private key files.
BINARY = asn_encoded_certificate
ASN encoded certificate bytes specified as a binary constant.
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.
ASN encoded certificate bytes specified as a binary constant.
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.
WITH PRIVATE KEY
Specifies that the private key of the certificate is loaded into SQL Server. This clause is invalid when the certificate is being created from an assembly. To load the private key of a certificate created from an assembly, use ALTER CERTIFICATE.
Specifies that the private key of the certificate is loaded into SQL Server. This clause is invalid when the certificate is being created from an assembly. To load the private key of a certificate created from an assembly, use ALTER CERTIFICATE.
FILE ='path_to_private_key'
Specifies the complete path, including file name, to the private key. path_to_private_key can be a local path or a UNC path to a network location. The file is accessed in the security context of the SQL Server service account. This account must have the necessary file-system permissions.
Specifies the complete path, including file name, to the private key. path_to_private_key can be a local path or a UNC path to a network location. The file is accessed in the security context of the SQL Server service account. This account must have the necessary file-system permissions.
Important
This option is not available in a contained database or in Azure SQL Database.
BINARY = private_key_bits
Applies to: SQL Server (Starting with SQL Server 2012 (11.x)) and Azure SQL Database.
Applies to: SQL Server (Starting with SQL Server 2012 (11.x)) and Azure SQL Database.
Private key bits specified as binary constant. These bits can be in encrypted form. If encrypted, the user must provide a decryption password. Password policy checks are not performed on this password. The private key bits should be in a PVK file format.
DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'key_password'
Specifies the password required to decrypt a private key that is retrieved from a file. This clause is optional if the private key is protected by a null password. Saving a private key to a file without password protection is not recommended. If a password is required but no password is specified, the statement fails.
Specifies the password required to decrypt a private key that is retrieved from a file. This clause is optional if the private key is protected by a null password. Saving a private key to a file without password protection is not recommended. If a password is required but no password is specified, the statement fails.
ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'password'
Specifies the password used to encrypt the private key. Use this option only if you want to encrypt the certificate with a password. If this clause is omitted, the private key is encrypted using the database master key. password must meet the Windows password policy requirements of the computer that is running the instance of SQL Server. For more information, see Password Policy.
Specifies the password used to encrypt the private key. Use this option only if you want to encrypt the certificate with a password. If this clause is omitted, the private key is encrypted using the database master key. password must meet the Windows password policy requirements of the computer that is running the instance of SQL Server. For more information, see Password Policy.
SUBJECT = 'certificate_subject_name'
The term subject refers to a field in the metadata of the certificate as defined in the X.509 standard. The subject should be no more than 64 characters long, and this limit is enforced for SQL Server on Linux. For SQL Server on Windows, the subject can be up to 128 characters long. Subjects that exceed 128 characters are truncated when they are stored in the catalog, but the binary large object (BLOB) that contains the certificate retains the full subject name.
The term subject refers to a field in the metadata of the certificate as defined in the X.509 standard. The subject should be no more than 64 characters long, and this limit is enforced for SQL Server on Linux. For SQL Server on Windows, the subject can be up to 128 characters long. Subjects that exceed 128 characters are truncated when they are stored in the catalog, but the binary large object (BLOB) that contains the certificate retains the full subject name.
START_DATE = 'datetime'
Is the date on which the certificate becomes valid. If not specified, START_DATE is set equal to the current date. START_DATE is in UTC time and can be specified in any format that can be converted to a date and time.
Is the date on which the certificate becomes valid. If not specified, START_DATE is set equal to the current date. START_DATE is in UTC time and can be specified in any format that can be converted to a date and time.
EXPIRY_DATE = 'datetime'
Is the date on which the certificate expires. If not specified, EXPIRY_DATE is set to a date one year after START_DATE. EXPIRY_DATE is in UTC time and can be specified in any format that can be converted to a date and time. SQL Server Service Broker checks the expiration date. Backup with Encryption using certificates also checks the expiration date and will not allow a new backup to be created with an expired certificate, but will allow restores with an expired certificate. However, expiration is not enforced when the certificate is used for database encryption or Always Encrypted.
Is the date on which the certificate expires. If not specified, EXPIRY_DATE is set to a date one year after START_DATE. EXPIRY_DATE is in UTC time and can be specified in any format that can be converted to a date and time. SQL Server Service Broker checks the expiration date. Backup with Encryption using certificates also checks the expiration date and will not allow a new backup to be created with an expired certificate, but will allow restores with an expired certificate. However, expiration is not enforced when the certificate is used for database encryption or Always Encrypted.
ACTIVE FOR BEGIN_DIALOG = { ON | OFF }
Makes the certificate available to the initiator of a Service Broker dialog conversation. The default value is ON.
Makes the certificate available to the initiator of a Service Broker dialog conversation. The default value is ON.
Remarks
A certificate is a database-level securable that follows the X.509 standard and supports X.509 V1 fields.
CREATE CERTIFICATE
can load a certificate from a file, a binary constant, or an assembly. This statement can also generate a key pair and create a self-signed certificate.The Private Key must be <= 2500 bytes in encrypted format. Private keys generated by SQL Server are 1024 bits long through SQL Server 2014 (12.x) and are 2048 bits long beginning with SQL Server 2016 (13.x). Private keys imported from an external source have a minimum length of 384 bits and a maximum length of 4,096 bits. The length of an imported private key must be an integer multiple of 64 bits. Certificates used for TDE are limited to a private key size of 3456 bits.
The entire Serial Number of the certificate is stored but only the first 16 bytes appear in the sys.certificates catalog view.
The entire Issuer field of the certificate is stored but only the first 884 bytes in the sys.certificates catalog view.
The private key must correspond to the public key specified by certificate_name.
When you create a certificate from a container, loading the private key is optional. But when SQL Server generates a self-signed certificate, the private key is always created. By default, the private key is encrypted using the database master key. If the database master key does not exist and no password is specified, the statement fails.
The
ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD
option is not required when the private key is encrypted with the database master key. Use this option only when the private key is encrypted with a password. If no password is specified, the private key of the certificate will be encrypted using the database master key. If the master key of the database cannot be opened, omitting this clause causes an error.You do not have to specify a decryption password when the private key is encrypted with the database master key.
Note
Built-in functions for encryption and signing do not check the expiration dates of certificates. Users of these functions must decide when to check certificate expiration.
A binary description of a certificate can be created by using the CERTENCODED (Transact-SQL) and CERTPRIVATEKEY (Transact-SQL) functions. For an example that uses CERTPRIVATEKEY and CERTENCODED to copy a certificate to another database, see example B in the article CERTENCODED (Transact-SQL).
The MD2, MD4, MD5, SHA, and SHA1 algorithms are deprecated in SQL Server 2016 (13.x). Up to SQL Server 2016 (13.x), a self-signed certificate is created using SHA1. Starting with SQL Server 2017 (14.x), a self-signed certificate is created using SHA2_256.
Permissions
Requires
CREATE CERTIFICATE
permission on the database. Only Windows logins, SQL Server logins, and application roles can own certificates. Groups and roles cannot own certificates.I Have Cer File How Generate Key In Minecraft
Examples
A. Creating a self-signed certificate
The following example creates a certificate called
Shipping04
. The private key of this certificate is protected using a password.B. Creating a certificate from a file
The following example creates a certificate in the database, loading the key pair from files.
Important
Azure SQL Database does not support creating a certificate from a file.
C. Creating a certificate from a signed executable file
Alternatively, you can create an assembly from the
dll
file, and then create a certificate from the assembly.Important
Azure SQL Database does not support creating a certificate from a file.
Important
Starting with SQL Server 2017 (14.x), the 'CLR strict security' server configuration option prevents loading assemblies without first setting up the security for them. Load the certificate, create a login from it, grant
UNSAFE ASSEMBLY
to that login, and then load the assembly.D. Creating a self-signed certificate
Example Cer File
The following example creates a certificate called
Shipping04
without specifying an encryption password. This example can be used with Parallel Data Warehouse.See Also
ALTER CERTIFICATE (Transact-SQL)
DROP CERTIFICATE (Transact-SQL)
BACKUP CERTIFICATE (Transact-SQL)
Encryption Hierarchy
EVENTDATA (Transact-SQL)
CERTENCODED (Transact-SQL)
CERTPRIVATEKEY (Transact-SQL)
CERT_ID (Transact-SQL)
CERTPROPERTY (Transact-SQL)
DROP CERTIFICATE (Transact-SQL)
BACKUP CERTIFICATE (Transact-SQL)
Encryption Hierarchy
EVENTDATA (Transact-SQL)
CERTENCODED (Transact-SQL)
CERTPRIVATEKEY (Transact-SQL)
CERT_ID (Transact-SQL)
CERTPROPERTY (Transact-SQL)